NOTES OF INDIGO

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Indigofera tinctoria (True Indigo) Home Medicinal Usages for Hair ...    Chapter 5   Indigo Class 12
Chapter 5 Indigo Exercise Answers 


S : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 46
Q1 :
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meanings from the context.
Answer :
 urge the departure -insist on the going away of the British from India
 conflict of duties -clash of obligation or responsibility
 harbor a man like me -give shelter to an advocate of home-rule
 seek a prop -try to find support or assistance
Think as you read : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 47
Q1 :
1. Strike out what is not true in the following.
a. Rajkumar Shukla was
(i) a sharecropper.
(ii) a politician.
(iii) a delegate.
(iv) a landlord.
Answer :
(i) a sharecropper.
Q2 :
1. Strike out what is not true in the following.
b. Rajkumar Shukla was
(i) poor.
(ii) physically strong.
(iii) illiterate.
Answer :
(i) poor.
 (iii) illiterate.
Q3 :
Why is Rajkumar Shukla described as being 'resolute'?
Answer :
Rajkumar Shukla is described as being 'resolute' because even after being told about the prior engagements of Gandhi at Cawnpore and other parts across the county, he does not quit. He continues to accompany Gandhi everywhere. 
Q4 :
Why do you think the servants thought Gandhi to be another peasant?
Answer :
Gandhi was a simple and humble man dressed in a plain 'dhoti' (loincloth). To the servants, he must have looked like just another poor farmer in this country.

Think as you read 
Q1 :
List the places that Gandhi visited between his first meeting with Shukla and his arrival at Champaran.
Answer :
After his first meeting with Shukla, Gandhi visited Cawnpore, his ashram near
Ahmedabad, Calcutta, Patna and Muzzafarpur before he reached Champaran.
Q2 :
What did the peasants pay the British landlords as rent? What did the British now want instead and why? What would be the impact of synthetic indigo on the prices of natural indigo?
Answer :
The peasants paid the British landlords indigo as rent. Now Germany had developed synthetic indigo. So, the British landlords wanted money as compensation for being released from the 15 per cent arrangement. The prices of natural indigo would go down due to the synthetic Indigo.

Think as you read 
Q1 :
Why did Gandhi agree to a settlement of 25 per cent refund to the farmers?
Answer :
For Gandhi the amount of the refund was less important than the fact that the landlords had been forced to return part of the money, and with it, part of their prestige too. So, he agreed to settlement of 25 per cent refund to the farmers.
Q2 :
How did the episode change the plight of the peasants?
Answer :
The peasants were saved from spending time and money on court cases. After some years the British planters gave up control of their estates. These now reverted to the peasants. Indigo sharecropping disappeared.

Understanding the text : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 54
Q1 :
Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turningpoint in his life?
Answer :
Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning point in his life because he realised that civil disobedience, which had triumphed for the first time, could go a long way in the freedom struggle. Moreover, he had succeeded in making the peasants aware of their rights and becoming confident. This success, thus, proved the effectiveness of Gandhi's method of non-violence and non-cooperation.
Q2 :
How was Gandhi able to influence lawyers? Give instances.
Answer :
Gandhi was able to influence the lawyers through his conviction, earnestness and pertinent questioning. Gandhi reproached the lawyers of Muzzafarpur for charging a large sum of money as fee from the peasants. Later, the lawyers from Bihar opined that they would return to their own places in the event of his imprisonment
Q3 :
What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards advocates of 'home rule'?
Answer :
During those times, the average Indian in smaller localities lived in fear of the British. They were afraid of the dire consequences of helping the advocates of "home-rule". Hence, though they were supportive of people like Gandhi, they were afraid of showing it explicitly and only a few could actually dare to come out openly. 
Q4 :
How do we know that ordinary people too contributed to the freedom movement?
Answer :
In the chapter 'Indigo' Louis Fischer writes of how a small farmer Rajkumar Shukla from a small district, Champaran, helps bring about a very prominent change. Likewise, many other peasants from the villages fought courageously and contributed in their own way to the movement. 

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